Kartal, who is set to climb to a career-high ranking as a result of her singles run at the All England Club, has her sights on a first Grand Slam quarter-final.
The experienced Pavlyuchenkova, 34, was French Open runner-up in 2021 but has only once made it this far at Wimbledon since her 2007 debut.
Kartal, the world number 51, is ranked one place below her Russian opponent.
British interest also continues in the doubles and junior events.
Joe Salisbury and Brazilian partner Luisa Stefani play Argentine Andres Molteni and American Asia Muhammad in the mixed doubles second round.
Also in that competition, the all-British pair of David Stevenson and Maia Lumsden face eighth seeds Mate Pavic and Timea Babos of Croatia and Hungary respectively, while former champions Neal Skupski and American Desirae Krawczyk are up against American-Russian pair Nathaniel Lammons and Alexandra Panova.
Seventeen-year-old Mimi Xu, who lost to Raducanu in the women’s first round on Monday, begins her girls’ singles campaign against American Thea Frodin first on court 12.